Migliori Libri sulla wehrmacht

La selezione di lettere scritte dai soldati tedeschi durante la Seconda guerra mondiale conservate nel Museo della Comunicazione di Berlino curata da Marie Moutier ha uno straordinario valore storico, perché rappresenta una testimonianza immediata del conflitto da parte di chi l’ha quotidianamente vissuto, su tutti i fronti, dall’invasione della Polonia fino alla caduta di Berlino. Se le lettere scritte durante la campagna di Francia del 1940 o all’inizio dell’operazione Barbarossa sono in genere piene di speranza nei confronti della nuova Grande Germania incarnata nel Terzo Reich, quelle successive, scritte durante l’assedio di Stalingrado e lo sbarco alleato in Normandia, si fanno via via più pessimiste. Una pagina dopo l’altra, il lettore assiste alle disillusioni dei soldati, alla stanchezza di fronte alla brutalità della guerra, al degrado delle condizioni fisiche e psichiche. Ma poiché questi uomini sono gli alfieri del nazismo in guerra, leggiamo anche la fede esaltata nei confronti della Germania hitleriana, la partecipazione ai massacri delle popolazione civili e la forza dell’ideologia nazionalsocialista nelle truppe del Terzo Reich. Marie Moutier e Fanny Chassain-Pinchon, storiche, sono specializzate sulla storia del Terzo Reich e in particolare della Wehrmacht. Per prime hanno potuto accedere ai dossier personali e quindi al patrimonio di più di sedicimila lettere dei soldati dell’esercito tedesco, conservati presso il Deutsche Dienststelle, il Museo della Comunicazione di Berlino. Prefazione di Timothy Snyder.

In 1938 Adolf Hitler directed two paramilitary labour organizations – the Reicharbeitsdienst consisting of recruits undergoing pre-military training, and the Organisation Todt that comprised a mobilized force of private construction firms – to assist the military forces. Later the NSKK was organized to assist with supply and transport with the Transportkorps Speer added in 1944. That same year as defeat loomed, all manpower with any military potential was drafted into the Deutscher Volkssturm. The history, equipment and uniforms of these auxillary organizations are detailed in this volume.

For Hitler and the German military, 1942 was a key turning point of World War II, as an overstretched but still lethal Wehrmacht replaced brilliant victories and huge territorial gains with stalemates and strategic retreats. In this major reevaluation of that crucial year, Robert Citino shows that the German army’s emerging woes were rooted as much in its addiction to the “”war of movement””-attempts to smash the enemy in “”short and lively”” campaigns-as they were in Hitler’s deeply flawed management of the war. From the overwhelming operational victories at Kerch and Kharkov in May to the catastrophic defeats at El Alamein and Stalingrad, Death of the Wehrmacht offers an eye-opening new view of that decisive year. Building upon his widely respected critique in The German Way of War, Citino shows how the campaigns of 1942 fit within the centuries-old patterns of Prussian/German warmaking and ultimately doomed Hitler’s expansionist ambitions. He examines every major campaign and battle in the Russian and North African theaters throughout the year to assess how a military geared to quick and decisive victories coped when the tide turned against it. Citino also reconstructs the German generals’ view of the war and illuminates the multiple contingencies that might have produced more favorable results. In addition, he cites the fatal extreme aggressiveness of German commanders like Erwin Rommel and assesses how the German system of command and its commitment to the “”independence of subordinate commanders”” suffered under the thumb of Hitler and chief of staff General Franz Halder. More than the turning point of a war, 1942 marked the death of a very old and traditional pattern of warmaking, with the classic “”German way of war”” unable to meet the challenges of the twentieth century. Blending masterly research with a gripping narrative, Citino’s remarkable work provides a fresh and revealing look at how one of history’s most powerful armies began to founder in its quest for world domination.